Simeon i



UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFICE.

SIMEON I. MORRIS, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, AS SIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JASONW. WAIT, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR RELINING TUNNELS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 504,045, dated August29, 1893.

Application filed February 9, 1893. Serial No. 461,560. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIMEON LMORRIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Paul, county of Ramsey, State of. Minnesota, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for ReliningTunnels; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference bemg had tothe accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My lnvention has for its object the provision of an apparatus wherebythe relining of railway tunnels may be facilitated to such an extentthat the right of way for trains will be kept practically clear.I-Ieretofore in this class of work where a tunnel is to be relined thearch center, or in other words, the frame which supports the archmasonry while it is being built has been carried on and supported bywhat is popularly termed, the work train.

In other words, a suitable frame work has been mounted upon one or morecars, and the latter have been run through on the trackprovided for thepassage of trains. By this frame work the workmen have been supportedand the masonry has been built upon until the arch was completed. Butthe fact that the work train has been obliged to stand upon the trackand could only be moved when the arch on which they were working hadbeen completed, has caused serious delay in the running of the trainsthrough the tunnel since it became necessary, before a train could passthrough the tunnel, to move the work train out of the tunnel, and thusleave a clear way. This has obviously been a great source of annoyance,inconvenience, and expense to the railroad.

My invention contemplates the provision of apparatus whereby a framework supported clear of the track is employed to support the workmen,and to support the masonry until the arch is completed.

The invention consists in a combination of devices and applianceshereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings Figure l is a cross section of a tunnel showing myapparatus therein,

and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same.

In carrying out the invention A represents the road bed of the railwaytrack and a the rails thereof.

13-13 are the walls of the tunnel made up of masonry and extending upsubstantially one half the height of the tunnel, although of course therelative height of the walls is a matter of selection.

0 represents the arch frame of timber, and represents also what may betermed the old lining of the tunnel. That is to say, this invention isparticularly applicable to tunnels that have been originally lined withwood, and it is afterward desired to line them with masonry (preferablybrick work, as that is usually employed). E is what is technicallytermed the center. It is a frame on which the masonry of the arch fromthe base to the keystone is supported until the keystone has been placedin position. In my apparatus it is formed of steel preferablysemi-circular in shape to conform to the desired shape of the arch, andextends the entire length of the arch. At each lower end eof the centeris attached what may be termed,'f0r convenience of expression, acarriage, F. On this carriage is located any suitable jacking apparatus.

I have illustrated apparatus which may be used either as a hydraulic ora pneumatic jack. In this apparatus "G represents a suitable pump, G'suitable jacks provided with piston rods g, and the pipe 9 connectingthe pump and jacks whereby the latter may be operated by the former. Onthe carriage or center are also mounted the wheels H, the lower edge ofsaid wheels being above the lower ends of the jack piston rods when intheir depressed positions. Now, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 2,by means of the pump G the jack piston rods may be forced outward andcoming to a bearing on the ledge 12 of the wall, the entire apparatusincluding the center E will be forced upward.

I will now describe the ,operation. The walls B are first builtthroughout the entire length of the tunnel or at least far enough inadvance of the work on the arch to allow the walls to be used assupport. The material for the arch is then brought in and piled in theditches at the side of the track or upon the walls B. The center E andits accompanying carriages is then placed upon the wall. The ends of thecenter being supported from the edge of each wall by pulleys or wheels71.. By means of the jacks G the center is then forced up to theposition where it can support the arch while it is being built. When thearch above the center has been completed the center is lowered byreleasing the jacks until the wheels H come to a hearing on the ledge b,when the entire apparatus is moved along until only about a foot, moreor less, of the edge e of the center remains under the edge 01 of thearch. By means of the jacks the center is then forced up against thearch and the building of the latter continued, and so on until thetunnel is completely relined. In this way the work of relining thetunnel is continued uninterruptedly until completed, and at the sametime the track way is left clear (except at such times as the work trainis delivering material) for the passage of the trains.

Where there is sufficient room I provide a suitable platform in theshape of steps K which are attachable to and detachable from the centerE by means of the strap irons 70, these steps or platform beingsubstantially fifteen inches more or less in depth, and being located inadvance of the completed arch, which is eighteen inches more orless inthickness, gives the workmen a space of thirty three inches more or lessin which to work when supported by the platform. While these steps arepreferable, they are not absolutely essential, and can be dispensed withif necessary.

It is obvious that many of the details of my apparatus might be alteredwithout departing from the spirit of the invention. For instance-screwjacks might be employed to raise and lower the apparatus. And I wouldhave it understood that I contemplate by my invention any of the variousmodifications that might be made without departing from the true spiritof the same. So also while I have mentioned particularly a railwaytunnel, yet the apparatus is obviously applicable to the lining of anytunnel.

WVhat I claim is- 1. The combination with the walls of a railway tunnel,of an apparatus for accomplishing the lining of the arched portion ofthe same consisting of an imperforate sheet metal center supported ateach end from the side walls, and mechanism connected with said centerfor raising and lowering it toward and from the lined arch,substantially as described.

2. The combination with the side walls of a railway tunnel of a metalliccenter for building the arch lining consisting of asingle strip of sheetmetal extending from wall to wall and provided on each end with-liftingapparatus to move it toward or from the arch lin ing, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination with the walls of a railway tunnel of a metalliccenter for building the arch lining consisting of a substantiallyimperforate metal center extending from wall to wall provided on eachend with wheels "whereby the center may be moved easily longitudinallyof the tunnel, and provided also on each end with lifting apparatus to Iraise the center toward or from the arch lining, substantially asdescribed.

4:. The combination with the imperforate sheet metal center of anauxiliary platform in the form of steps connected to said center andadapted to support the workmen, substantially as described.

5. The combination with the imperforate sheet metal center of a platformarranged in a form of steps, said platform attachable to and detachablefrom the main portion ofthe center, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

SIMEON I. MORRIS.

Witnesses:

W. 1-1. CHAMBERLIN,

FLORENCE KING.

